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Quiz: Fullscreen Mode AN INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Complete Study Notes for Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry SECTION 16.1: Understanding Organic Chemistry Basics What Are Organic Compounds? Organic compounds are special chemicals that contain the element carbon . You can find them everywhere in your daily life! The food you eat (like bread, rice, and meat), your hair, plastic bottles, soap, and even medicines are all made from organic compounds. There are two types of organic compounds: Natural organic compounds - These come from nature, like the proteins in your hair or the sugar in fruits Synthetic organic compounds - These are man-made in factories, like plastics, detergents, and modern medicines Important Note: Not ALL compounds with carbon are organic! Carbon dioxide (CO₂) and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) contain carbon but are NOT organic compounds. Wha...

Other note source PDF Source 📐 Perimeter, Area and Volume Complete Guide for Grade 7 - Cambridge Curriculum 📏 Section 1: Perimeter and Area in Two Dimensions 1.1 Understanding Perimeter Perimeter is the total distance around the outside of a shape. To find the perimeter, add up the lengths of all sides. For any polygon: Perimeter = Sum of all sides Circle - Circumference The perimeter of a circle is called circumference . r d C = πd or C = 2πr where π ≈ 3.14 or 22/7 Example 1: Circle Circumference Find the circumference of a circle with radius 7 cm. Solution: C = 2πr C = 2 × 3.14 × 7 C = 43.96 cm 1.2 Understanding Area Area is the total space contained...

Other note source NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF EQUATIONS Concise Theory & Formula Guide Cambridge AS & A Level Mathematics 1. INTRODUCTION Numerical methods find approximate solutions to equations that cannot be solved algebraically. Examples include x³ + x - 4 = 0 , eˣ = 2x + 1 , and sin(x) = x - 1 . Historical Fact: Quintic equations (degree 5 and higher) generally have no algebraic solutions, making numerical methods essential. 2. LOCATING ROOTS (Section 6.1) Root Definition α is a root of f(x) = 0 if f(α) = 0 Method 1: Graphical Approach Rearrange equation as g(x) = h(x) , sketch both graphs, and find intersection points. Each intersection represents a root. Method 2: Change of Sign Method Change of Sign Principle: If f(x) is continuous and f(a) · f(b) If f(a) 0 → Root exists between a and b Example: Change of Sign Problem: Show f(x) = x⁵ + x - 1 = 0 has a root between 0 ...

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